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KMID : 1011320220140010047
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Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology and Risk Management
2022 Volume.14 No. 1 p.47 ~ p.50
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An Overview of Multiple Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome
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Sohn Kyoung-Hee
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Abstract
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The multiple drug hypersensitivity syndrome (MDHS) is a novel condition characterized by a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to two structurally different drugs. It is important to be able to distinguish between MDHS and multiple drug intolerance and/or flare-up reactions. MDHS should thus be confirmed using delayed intradermal tests, patch tests or in vitro tests. Recent studies have reported that the initial reactions manifest most commonly as a drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS); fixed combination antibiotics such as sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim or piperacillin/tazobactam are frequently involved in MDHS. The occurrence of MDHS depends on the status of previous T cell activations, and its immune response is similar to that seen in graft versus host disease and viral infections. The first drug hypersensitivity response lowers the T cell proliferation threshold for the drug and causes a rapid appearance of hypersensitivity symptoms to the second drug. Accurate diagnosis of MDHS is needed for its proper management.
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KEYWORD
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Multiple drug hypersensitivity, Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), Drug hypersensitivity
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